中国大陆正颌患者的求诊动机分析

The motivations for undergoing orthognathic patients in China's Mainland

目的:研究中国骨性畸形患者寻求正颌手术的真实动机,并与国际相关研究比较,分析中国正颌患者的求诊特点。方法:400例中国大陆正颌患者被纳入本研究。患者于2010年12月—2011年12月就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颅颌面科,经过正颌-正畸联合会诊,确诊为骨性错畸形,需要正颌-正畸联合治疗。他们在安静、无打扰的环境中完成了问卷。利用SPSS 14.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:总体而言,改善面部外观(77.5%)、改善咬合(65%)和提高自信心(62.75%)是中国正颌患者的主要就诊动机。在男性患者中,改善咬合功能动机的比率是80.47%;改善面部外观占75.74%;提高自信心的比率为65.68%。在女性患者,78.79%要求改善面形,而要求改善自信心和要求改善牙外观的比例分别为60.61%、58.01%。结论:中国正颌患者的主要就诊动机是改善面形,改善咬合功能,提高自信心。男性患者对功能改善的要求比女性高,女性患者对美观的要求远高于功能方面。对中国正颌患者,提高自信心的动机应该得到充分重视。

PURPOSE： To study the treatment motivations for undergoing orthognathic patients in China's Mainland before surgery. By comparison with the results from other countries, the motivations for orthognathic surgery in Chinese patients will be determined. METHODS： Using a prospective study design, 400 patients in Chinese mainland were collected from December 2010 to December 2011, who were consulted in the Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Science in Shanghai Ninth Peoplels Hospital. All the patients underwent combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment. All of them suffered from skeletal deformity. All the subjects filled a questionnaire in a quiet meeting room. SPSS 14.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS： In China, the major motivations for orthognathic treatment were to improve facial appearance （77.5%）, occlusion （65%）, and self-confidence （62.75%）. Males expected to improve occlusion （80.47%）, facial appearance （75.74%）, and self-confidence （65.68%）. In female patients, the major motivations were improving facial appearance （78.79%）, self-confidence （60.61%）, and dental appearance （58.01%）. CONCLUSION： In Chinese orthognathic patients, the primary motivations are improving facial appearance, occlusion, and self-confidence. Male patients have higher requirement for function improving,while female patients have higher esthetic demand. For Chinese patients, raising self-confidence should be emphasized. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation ofChina （12XD1403200）, 2012 Key Project of Medicine and Engineering （YG2012ZD07）, Shenkang Found in Shanghai （SHDC12010205） and Health Bureau Project of Pudong New Area（PW2012D-11）.