丁酸钠对断奶犊牛生长、血液生化指标及胃肠道发育的影响

Effect of Sodium Butyrate on Growth,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Gastrointestinal Development of Weaning Calves

本试验旨在研究在日粮中添加丁酸钠对犊牛断奶应激反应的影响。选择24头31d的中国荷斯坦犊牛，随机分为2组（对照组和试验组），每组12头。对照组犊牛按牧场传统方法饲养，试验组犊牛在对照组日粮基础上添加1％丁酸钠。犊牛60d断奶，试验期45d。结果表明：（1）试验组犊牛60和75d体重分别较对照组提高了3．86％（P〈0．05）和4．58％（P〈0．01），而31～60和61～75dADG分别较对照组提高了6．33％（P〉0．05）和10．61％（P〈0．01）。（2）与对照组相比，试验组犊牛断奶当天血清中甘油三酯、尿素氮、CRP、HP、IL-6、TNF-β均极显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），葡萄糖显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），IgM显著高于对照组（P％0．05）；断奶后15d时血清中甘油三酯、尿素氮、CRP、HP、皮质醇含量极显著低于对照组（P％0．01），葡萄糖显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。（3）试验组犊牛断奶当天和断奶后15d瘤胃绒毛长度和宽度较对照组均极显著提高（P〈0．01）。十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度、隐窝深度、v／c值均较对照组有不同程度的提高。结果提示，犊牛日粮中添加丁酸钠提高了犊牛断奶前后的生长性能，降低了犊牛血清中急性期蛋白、皮质醇水平，提高了机体免疫功能，促进犊牛胃肠道的发育，缓解了犊牛的断奶廊激。

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sodium butyrate on weaning stress of calves. A total of 24 healthy 31-day-old China Holstein calves were randomly allocated into 2 groups （control group and experimental group） with 12 calves per group. Calves in control group were reared by the feeding method of the farm, and the others in experimental group were fed diet supplemented with 1% sodium butyrate（dry matter basis）. All the calves were weaned at 60 d. The experiment lasted 45 days. The results showed as follows： 1） Compared with the con- trol group, the live weight of calves in experiment group was increased by 3.86G （P〈0.05） and 4. 58%（P〈0.01） at the age of 60 and 75 d; On the age of 31-60 and 61-75 d, the average dailygain （ADG） of calves in experiment group was increased by 6.3% （P〉0.05） and 10.61% （P〈 0.01）. 2） Compared with the control group, the contents of triglycerides, urea nitrogen, CRP, HP, IL-6, TNF-[~ in serum of calves in experimental group were significantly lower （P〈0.01） and glucose was significantly lower （P〈0.05） at weaning day; the contents of IgM of calves were significantly higher in experiment group than that in control group （P〈0. 05）; the serum level of triglyeerides, urea nitrogen, CRP, HP and cortisol of calves were significantly lower in experiment group than that in control group at 15 d after weaned （P〈0.01） and glucose was sig- nificantly lower（P〈0.05）. 3） The rumen villous length and width was significantly higher in ex- periment group both at weaning day and 15 d after weaned （P〈0.01）. Compared with the con- trol group, the villous length, crypt depth and V/C value of duodenum and jejunum were im- proved at different degrees. In conclusion, sodium butyrate supplementation can improve the growth performance, reduce the serum acute phase proteins and cortisol levels, and improve the immune function of weaning calves. Furthermore, it promote the development of the rumen and intestinal. In short, sodium butyrate alleviate weaning stress of calves.