摘要
为了解齐齐哈尔红头潜鸭昼间行为规律与机场鸟击之间的关系,2011年9～11月,对齐齐哈尔机场附近的生境及红头潜鸭的分布及活动进行调查,重点调查分析了位于齐齐哈尔东南部污水处理池中的红头潜鸭在秋季的各种行为时间分配规律,并对其行为规律与机场安全的关系进行了研究。结果表明:红头潜鸭秋季行为主要有取食、游泳、理羽、休息、游戏、飞行和观察7个部分,其中休息和取食所占的比例最高,分别是39%和34%。飞行为重点研究的行为,占了3%,此鸟飞行的高度约为20～150 m,活动范围是以污水处理池为中心24 km～2,覆盖了齐齐哈尔飞机场的飞行区域,而飞行是红头潜鸭引起鸟击的主要原因,在9:00～11:00和12:00～14:00有明显的峰值,飞机场等有关部门应做好相应防范措施。
We investigated the habitat and distribution of common pochard（Aythya ferina） in the vicinity of Qiqihar Airport from September to November 2011.The investigation focused on time allotment of activities of common pochard mat occupy sewage ponds in autumn.We also estimated the consequences of common pochard behavior on the safety of aircraft.Common pochard activities in autumn included feeding,swimming,preening,rest,recreation,flying and observation.The proportion of resting was highest,at 39%,followed by feeding,at 34%.Flying was the key research behavior whose proportion was 3%.Common pochard occupied a 24 km^2 area around the sewage ponds that covered the flight zone of the airport Estimated flying heights of common pochard were 20-150 m.Bird strike was mainly caused by flying common pochards,whose activity peak occurred at 9：00 to 11;00 and 12：00 to 14：00 hrs.The airport management departements should implement preventive measures.
