气溶胶和城市热岛效应对秦岭地区近50年气温序列影响分析

Analysis on Influence of Aerosol and Urban Heat Island Effect on Temperature Series in Qinling Region in Recent 50 Years

利用高山站与平原站不同气象要素之间的对比关系,研究了气溶胶和城市热岛对气温序列的影响并进行了定量分析。结果表明:(1)气候背景场平均气温增温幅度为0.178℃·(10a)-1,自1953-2005年气候背景的增温在0.97℃左右。对于四季的增温主要体现在冬、春、秋三个季节。(2)气溶胶主要起冷却作用,与气候背景的增温幅度大致相当,年平均气温的冷却幅度为-0.21℃·(10a)-1。气溶胶对于四季气温冷却程度由低到高分别是春季<夏季<冬季<秋季,其中气溶胶冷却程度春季最低、秋季最高。(3)城市热岛效应对局地气温加热作用非常明显,达到0.38℃·(10a)-1。

Using the different meteorological elements between mountain and plain weather stations, the relationship among the greenhouse gases, aerosol and urban heat island with surface temperature has been investigated. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows： （1） Greenhouse gases cause annual av- erage temperature increasing of 0. 178 ℃ （10 a）-1. From 1953 to 2005, the total increasing of green- house gases is about 0.97 ℃, especially in winter, spring and autumn. （2） Aerosol acts as balancing of greenhouse effect, its cooling effect is 0.21 ℃ · （10 a）-1 for surface temperature. For different seasons, the cooling effect from low to high is spring〈summer〈winter〈autumn, respectively. （3） Heat island effect is very significantly on local surface temperature, its heating effect is 0.38 ℃ · （10 a）-1