大理国家气候观象台地面辐射观测数据的质量控制研究

Quality Control of Surface Radiation Data Measured in Dali National Climate Observatory

大理国家气候观象台CNR1净辐射计在长时间连续观测过程中,由于人为维护、传感器零点漂移以及数据采集器和防雷板上连接线虚接等原因,使得辐射观测值存在一定的测量误差和不同程度的缺失。以大理国家气候观象台2010年太阳总辐射、短波反射辐射、大气长波辐射和地面长波辐射观测数据为例,采用缺测检查、零点漂移订正、"物理上可能值"范围检查、"极端观测值"范围检查以及"与经验公式估算值比较"检查对其进行了质量控制。结果表明:(1)对太阳总辐射、大气长波辐射以及地面长波辐射所建立的估算方案是合理的,实际观测值与估算值之间的吻合程度较高,一致性指数均超过0.89以上;(2)短波辐射传感器由零点漂移带来的测量误差是不可忽略的,应用时必须进行订正;(3)经零点漂移订正后太阳总辐射和短波反射辐射观测数据的可靠性相对较高,正确率分别为99.02%和99.92%;而大气长波辐射和地面长波辐射观测数据的可靠性相对较低,正确率分别为70.67%和73.49%。

Because of operation-related problems, zero drift of the sensor, virtual connection between data acquisition equipment and lightning protection board and so forth, some measurement error and various de- grees of missing data occurred in long-term and continuous observation for CNR1 Net Radiometer in Dali National Climate Observatory. This study adopts quality control procedures including missing value check, zero drift correction, physically possible ranges check, extremely rare ranges check and comparison between the observed and estimated value check, with the data of global solar radiation, reflected short- wave radiation, atmospheric long-wave radiation and surface long-wave radiation measured in Dali National Climate Observatory in 2010. The result shows that： （1） models for estimating global solar radiation, at- mospheric long-wave radiation and surface long-wave radiation are reasonable, and the estimated value shows good correlation with the observed value with index of agreement over O. 89; （2） measurement error caused by zero drift of short wave radiation sensor is not negligible, and it must be corrected while applica- tion; （3） global solar radiation and reflected short-wave radiation after zero drift correction are of high reli- ability, and their accurate rate are 99.02% and 99.92%, respectively; while atmospheric long-wave radia- tion and surface long-wave radiation are of low reliability, and their accurate rate are 70.67% and 73.49%, respectively.