控制长度的变形理论与方法研究

Study on theory of controlling length deformation

大地测量中的长度是指将地表面上的距离归算至高斯平面上的长度,通过高程对长度的归算,得到地表距离在椭球面上的长度;再把椭球面上的长度投影到高斯平面上。在归算过程中长度会产生变形,这种长度变形主要是由高程和投影引起的,必须将其控制在一定范围以内,满足工程测量对长度变形的精度要求。本文阐述了长度变形的基本理论,并结合不同测绘工程的具体情况,提出了控制长度变形应采取的方法措施。

The length of the geodetic survey is the distance on the Gaussian plane imputed from the distance of surface. First by the imputation of the elevation to the length, the length of the surface distance on the ellipsoid was obtained, and then the length on the ellipsoid was projected onto the Gaussian plane. Length in the calculation process could have deformation, which was mainly caused by the projection and elevation in measurement. The accuracy requirements on length deformation in engineering survey must be met by controlling the error within a certain range. The author discussed the basic theory of length deformation according to different project characteristics, and proposed the methods and measures of controlling length deformation in different circumstances.