横向调货策略下供应网络中牛鞭效应的鲁棒控制

Robust control for the bullwhip effect of a supply network under the lateral transshipment policy

研究不确定需求环境中多分销商和多零售商组成的两级供应网络的牛鞭效应的鲁棒控制问题.设计了牛鞭效应鲁棒性指标,利用鲁棒控制方法得到了零售商和分销商的库存策略,既保证了系统的稳定性,又能抑制牛鞭效应的作用.研究表明输出变量选择对抑制目标节点的牛鞭效应有着重要作用.零售商之间的横向调货策略虽然未能显著改善未知需求情形下的牛鞭效应的鲁棒性,但对于特定的需求却能起到抑制牛鞭效应的作用.

This paper studies the lateral transshipment policy of retailers, investigates the robust control problem for the bullwhip effect in a supply network composed of multiple retailers and multiple distributors. A state space model is developed based on the difference equations for retailers and distributors. Inventory policies are designed with robust control method, which ensures the stability of the whole system and has the effect of mitigating the bullwhip effect. It shows that the selection of the output matrix might help reduce the bullwhip for some particular nodes. It is also observed that the lateral transshipment mechanism might have negative effects on the robustness of the bullwhip effect. However, the lateral transshipment behavior might contribute to bullwhip effect mitigation for specific demand models. It implies that complex supply relationships might play a great role in controlling the bullwhip effect or reducing order fluctuation.