中国肉鸡生产与消费分析

Broiler Production and Consumption in China

分析了中国肉鸡生产和消费增长的变动特征。生产方面,中国鸡肉产量增长较快,在肉类中比重增加;肉鸡养殖的地理集中和向大企业集中促进生产的规模化发展。消费方面,中国鸡肉消费总量和在肉类中比重不断增加;城乡之间、不同地区之间和不同收入水平之间的肉鸡产品消费存在较大差距。定量计算了消费者针对收入和价格变动的反应,对鸡肉需求弹性进行估计。结果表明,中国鸡肉需求的收入弹性在城乡都表现出下降的趋势,农村的需求收入弹性高于城镇。价格变动对城镇居民鸡肉消费的影响相对较大,不同地区农村居民肉鸡消费的价格弹性变动没有表现出明显的规律性。中国肉鸡产品的生产和消费增长潜力较大。

This paper analyzed the characteristics of China＇s broiler production and consumption growth. In the aspect of production, the amount of China＇s chicken production grew fast and the proportion of it in meat increased; geographic and large enterprises concentrations of broiler breeding promoted the scale development of production. In the aspect of consumption, China＇s total consumption of chicken and the proportion of it in meat were growing; there was a big gap of broiler products consumption in urban and rural areas, different regions and income levels. This paper quantitatively calculated consumers＇ responses to price and income changes, and estimated the elasticity of chicken demand. The results showed that income elasticity of chicken demand presented a downward trend in both urban and rural areas, and the income elasticity of demand of rural residents was higher than urban. Price change was a relatively large impact on urban residents＇ consumption of chicken, price elasticity of rural residents in different regions showed no obvious regularity. China＇s broiler production and consumption had growing potentials.