GC-MS分析比较3个特产香椿品种的挥发性成分

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Components in Three Cultivars of Chinese Toon(Toona sinensis) by GC-MS

采用顶空固相微萃取技术对香椿嫩芽的挥发性成分进行萃取,通过优化实验证明:65μm PDMS/DVB类型萃取头,在40℃环境中萃取30min可以达到最大的萃取效率。在此基础上,采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对山东西牟红香椿、河南焦作红香椿、安徽太和黑油椿3个著名地方品种香椿的挥发性风味成分进行比较,以探讨他们之间风味呈现异同的原因。结果表明:山东西牟红香椿挥发性成分主要为噻吩类化合物(61.613%)和萜烯类化合物(19.179%);河南焦作红香椿挥发性成分主要为萜烯类化合物(52.137%)和噻吩类化合物(32.054%);安徽太和黑油椿挥发性成分主要为萜烯类化合物(74.880%)和酯类化合物(19.496%)。3种香椿中硫醚类、噻吩类、硫酯类、噻喃类等含硫化合物的含量按以上顺序呈现递减趋势,而醛类、醇类、醚类、酯类、萜烯类化合物的含量呈现递增趋势。

In this study, the volatile compounds of Chinese toon shoots from three cultivars, Ximu red from Yantai city of Shandong province, Jiaozuo red from Jiaozuo city of Henan province and Heiyou purple from Taihe county of Anhui province were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction （HS-SPME） and analyzed by GC-MS. The maximum extraction efficiency was obtained after 30 min of extraction at 40 ℃ for using 65 μm polydimethylsiloxane/ divinyl benzene （PDMS/DVB） fiber. Besides, the mechanism for the differences in their flavor characteristics was analyzed. The results indicated that thiophenes （61.613%） and terpenes （19.179%） were the major compounds from the Ximu red cultivar, while terpenes （52.137%） and thiophenes （32.054%） were the major compounds from the Jiaozuo red cultivar. Different from the former two, terpenes （74.880%） and esters （19.496%） were the major compounds in the Heiyou purple cultivar. The contents of thioethers, thiophenes, thioesters and thiopyran in the three cultivars followed a decreasing order： Ximu red, Jiaozuo red and Heiyou purple, while this was an increasing order for aldehydes, alcohols, ethers, esters and terpenes.