聚丙烯腈基碳纤维电化学氧化表面处理研究

Study on Surface Treatment of PAN-based Carbon Fibers with Electrochemical Oxidation

介绍了电化学氧化法聚丙烯腈基碳纤维表面处理工艺,研究了不同表面处理工艺对碳纤维及碳纤维增强热固性树脂复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明采用碳酸氢铵为电解液进行电化学氧化表面处理的最佳工艺条件为:电解液质量分数9.5%、电流密度1.2 mA/cm2、电解时间90 s、电解温度34℃。经过电化学氧化表面处理的碳纤维表面的沟槽变得更深、更宽,树脂可以牢固地嵌入纤维表面的沟槽之中,且碳纤维与树脂的黏结性越好,复合材料的ILSS越大;碳纤维表面大量的含氧官能团和含氮官能团有利于改善碳纤维增强热固性树脂复合材料的力学性能,碳纤维ILSS可达到90 MPa以上。

The surface treatment process for PAN - based carbon fibers with electrochemical oxidation method was introduced. The effects of different surface treatment process conditions on mechanical properties of carbon fibers and carbon fiber reinforced PAN （CFRP） were discussed. The results showed that the optimum conditions were concentration of electrolyte C = 9.5 %, current density Id = 1.2 mA/cm2, electrolysis time t = 90 s, electrolysis temperature T = 34 ℃ when surface was modified by electrochemical oxidation with ammonium bicarbonate as electrolyte. The grooves of modified carbon fibers＂ surface became deeper and wider after being treated with electrochemical oxidation method, so that resins could embed into the grooves more firmly,the cohesiveness between the fibers and resin matrix was improved and interlaminar shear strength （ILSS） of CFRP was increased. Moreover, a mass of oxygen - contained groups and nitrogen - contained groups were introduced onto the surface of carbon fibers, mechanical properties of CFRP were improved and ILLS of carbon fibers could be over 90 MPa.