长期健身活动对大学生印象管理及心理健康的影响

Effects of Long Term Exercise Movements on Exercisers' Impression Management and Their Mental Health

为考察长期健身活动对研究参与者印象管理、身体观念、心理健康的影响,采用问卷调查的方式,对大学生进行了持续1 a的追踪研究,并对不同性别的结果进行了对照。结果发现,男生和女生在印象动机、印象觉知、身体吸引力、身体价值感以及生活满意感维度的变化趋势完全一致。在身体感受维度,男生经历了先降后升的过程,女生刚好相反;男生的印象建设维度始终呈上升趋势,而女生则经历了先升后降的过程;在自尊维度,男生始终呈上升趋势,而女生始终呈下降趋势。结果表明,长期身体锻炼对大学生印象管理与心理健康有影响,与自尊、生活满意感这样影响因素较多且结构相对稳定的概念相比,持续性身体锻炼更容易显著促进与身体直接相关的维度,如身体价值感。长期身体锻炼对大学生印象管理及心理健康的影响不存在性别差异。

In order to find the effects of exercise on exercisers＇ impression management, body conception, mental health, a-year-long longitudinal investigation was done in undergraduate students and contrast also done between two genders. The findings show that males and females have the same changing trend on impression motivation, impression awareness, body attractiveness, body worthiness and life satisfaction. On body feeling dimension, males scores dropped at first and climbed then, female＇s score showed the opposite way; on impression construc- tion dimension, males score climbed constantly, female＇s score climbed at first and dropped then; on self-esteem, males scores climbed constantly, females score dropped all the time. The conclusion is that the long term exercise influences more on dimensions which is related with exercisers＇ body self-esteem, like body worthiness. There is no gender difference of exercise influence on college students＇ impression management and mental health.