武冈铜鹅与其他3种鹅肉品质特性的比较

Comparison of Meat Quality Characteristics between Wugang Bronze Geese and Other Three Types of Geese

本试验旨在测定武冈铜鹅、四川白鹅、武川鹅以及天府肉鹅的常规肉品质和矿物质元素、氨基酸、风味脂肪酸、肌苷酸含量及肌纤维直径与密度,并进行比较。选取1日龄体格健壮的武冈铜鹅、四川白鹅、武川鹅和天府肉鹅各30只,分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只鹅,公母各占1/2,饲喂相同饲粮。试验期为70 d。结果表明:1)武冈铜鹅胸肌粗蛋白质含量显著高于其他3种鹅(P<0.05),胸肌粗脂肪含量显著高于四川白鹅(P<0.05);而腿肌粗脂肪含量与其他3种鹅差异不显著(P>0.05),腿肌贮存损失率显著低于其他3种鹅(P<0.05)。2)武冈铜鹅肌肉铁、镁、钾含量均显著高于四川白鹅和天府肉鹅(P<0.05)。3)武冈铜鹅肌肉中天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸的含量极显著高于武川鹅和四川白鹅(P<0.01),甘氨酸和脯氨酸含量极显著高于其他3种鹅(P<0.01),而胱氨酸和苯丙氨酸与其他3种鹅差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)武冈铜鹅肌肉中肉豆蔻酸含量极显著高于其他3种鹅(P<0.01);十六烯酸含量极显著高于武川鹅(P<0.01);亚麻酸含量显著高于武川鹅(P<0.05);二十烯酸含量极显著高于天府肉鹅(P<0.01)。5)武冈铜鹅胸肌肌纤维密度显著高于四川白鹅和武川鹅(P<0.05),而各组肌纤维直径没有显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,武冈铜鹅肌肉品质以及风味优于武川鹅、四川白鹅以及天府肉鹅。

This experiment was conducted to determine and compare the common meat quality,microelement content,amino acid content,fatty acid content,inosine monophosphate content,muscle fiber density and diameter in muscle of Wugang bronze geese,Sichuan white geese,Wuchuan geese and Tianfu meat geese.Thirty one-day-old healthy geese of each breed （half male and half female） were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 6 geese per replicate.Each group fed the same diet.The experiment lasted for 70 days.The results showed as follows：1） the breast muscle crude protein content of Wugang bronze geese was significantly higher than that of other three types of geese （P 〈 0.05）,and the breast muscle crude fat content was significantly higher than that of Sichuan white geese （P 〈 0.05） ; there was no significant difference in thigh muscle crude fat content between Wugang bronze geese and other three types of geese （P 〉 0.05）,while the keeping loss in thigh muscle of Wugang bronze geese was significantly lower than that of other three types of geese （P 〈 0.05）.2） The contents of Fe,Mg and K in muscle of Wugang bronze geese were significantly higher than those of Sichuan white geese and Tianfu meat geese （P 〈 0.05）.3） The contents of Asp,Glu,Ala,Val and Lys in muscle of Wugang bronze geese were significantly higher than those of Sichuan white geese and Wuchuan geese （P 〈0.01）,the contents of Cys and Phe in muscle of Wugang bronze geese were significantly higher than those of other three types of geese （P 〈 0.01）,and there were no significant differences in the contents of Cys and Phe in muscle among the 4 types of geese （P 〉 0.05）.4） The muscle myristic acid content of Wugang bronze geese was significantly higher than that of other three types of geese （P 〈0.01）,the hypogaeic acid content was significantly higher than that of Wuchuan geese （P 〈0.01）,the linolenic acid content was significantly higher than that of Wuchuan geese （P 〈 0.05）,and the eicosenoic acid content was significantly higher than that of Tianfu meat geese （P 〈 0.01）.5） The muscle fiber density of Wugang bronze geese was significantly higher than that of Sichuan white geese and Wuchuan geese （P 〈0.05）,but there was no significant difference in muscle fiber diameter among the 4 types of geese （P 〉0.05）.Based on the results of the experiment,it is concluded that the flavor and meat quality of Wugang bronze geese are better than those of Wuchuan geese,Sichuan white geese and Tianfu meat geese.