发酵芝麻粕替代豆粕对肉鸭生长性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Soybean Meal Replaced by Fermented Sesame Meal on Growth Performance,Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Meat Ducks

本试验旨在研究发酵芝麻粕替代豆粕对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、肉品质及血清生化指标的影响.试验选用15日龄樱桃谷SM3肉鸭3 382只,随机分为4组,对照组4个重复,试验1、2、3组各5个重复,每个重复单圈饲养,每个圈178只.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组饲粮用发酵芝麻粕等营养替代对照组饲粮中的8％豆粕,试验2和3组分别用发酵芝麻粕等比例替代对照组饲粮中的4％和8％豆粕,试验期30 d.结果表明：1）各组鸭的平均日增重、料增重比差异都不显著（P＞0.05）;试验1和3组屠宰率比对照组分别提高了3.03％ （P ＜0.01）和3.27％（P＜0.01）;试验1、2和3组半净膛率比对照组分别提高了3.95％ （P ＜0.01）、2.73％（P＜0.05）、和3.98％（P＜0.01）;试验1、2和3组全净膛率比对照组分别提高了3.81％（P＜0.05）、3.09％ （P ＞0.05）、和4.71％（P＜0.01）;试验1、2和3组胸肌率比对照组分别提高了22.14％（P＜0.01）、20.44％ （P ＜0.01）和22.79％ （P ＜0.01）.2）试验1、2和3组鸡胸肌蒸煮损失和失水率均低于对照组（P＞0.05）.3）各组胸肌水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和多种氨基酸含量差异均不显著（P＞0.05）.4）各组鸭血清总蛋白、尿素氮含量和谷草转氨酶活性差异都不显著（P＞0.05）;试验1、2和3组鸭血清谷丙转氨酶活性比对照组分别提高了55.29％（P＜0.01）、21.19％ （P ＞0.05）和30.33％ （P ＞0.05）.由此可见,鸭饲粮中用4％ ～8％发酵芝麻粕替代豆粕是可行的.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean meal replaced by fermented sesame meal on growth performance,meat quality and serum biochemical indexes of meat ducks.A total of 3 382 Cherry Valley SM3 ducks at 15 days of age were randomly allotted into 4 groups,the control group had 4 replicates and trial groups 1,2 and 3 had 5 replicates.Each replicate fed in a pen and each pen had 178 ducks.The ducks in control group were fed a basal diet,and the ducks in trial group 1 were fed the basal diet with the fermented sesame meal equal-nutritionally replacing the soybean meal of 8%,and the ducks in trial groups 2 and 3 were fed the basal diet with the fermented sesame meal equal proportionally replacing the soybean meal of 4% and 8%,respectively.The experiment lasted for 30 days.The results showed as follows：1） there was no significant difference in average daily gain and feed to gain ratio among all groups （P 〉 0.05）.Compared with control group,the dressing percentage in trial groups 1 and 3 was significantly increased by 3.03 % （P 〈0.01） and 3.27% （P 〈0.01）,and the percentage of half eviscerate yield in trial groups 1,2 and 3 was significantly increased by 3.95% （P 〈 0.01）,2.73 % （P 〈 0.05） and 3.98% （P 〈 0.01）,the percentage of eviscerate yield in trial groups 1,2 and 3 was increased by 3.81% （P 〈 0.05）,3.09% （P 〉 0.05） and 4.71% （P 〈0.01）,the percentage of breast muscle in trial groups 1,2 and 3 was significantly increased by 22.14% （P〈0.01）,20.44% （P〈0.01） and 22.79% （P〈0.01）,respectively.2） The cooking loss and water loss rate in trial groups 1,2 and 3 were lower than those in control group （P 〉 0.05）.3） There was no significant difference in the contents of moisture,crude protein,ether extract and some amino acids in breast muscle among all groups （P 〉 0.05）.4） There was no significant difference in the contents of total protein,urinary nitrogen,and the activity of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in serum among all groups （P 〉 0.05） ; compared with control group,the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in trial groups 1,2 and 3 was increased by 55.29% （P 〈 0.01）,21.19% （P 〉 0.05） and 30.33% （P 〉 0.05）.It is concluded that it would be feasible to replace the soybean meal with 4% to 8% fermented sesame meal in ducks＇ diet.