啤酒糟对瘤胃发酵参数及纤维素酶活性的影响

Effects of Brewer's Grains on Fermentation Parameters and Cellulase Activity in Rumen

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平啤酒糟对瘤胃发酵参数及纤维素酶活性的影响。选取4只(40.0±2.5)kg装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的崂山奶山羊,采用4×4拉丁方设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,不添加啤酒糟;试验1、2和3组啤酒糟的添加水平分别为基础饲粮干物质的10%、15%和20%。测定24 h内瘤胃液pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度、微生物蛋白产量、挥发性脂肪酸浓度及羧甲基纤维素酶、纤维二糖酶、微晶纤维素酶和木聚糖酶活性。结果表明:1)各组瘤胃液pH及NH3-N浓度均在正常范围内,试验2组微生物蛋白产量均值极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。2)试验2组乙酸浓度均值极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均值极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),显著高于试验1组(P<0.05)。3)在纤维素酶活性方面,试验2组4种酶活性的均值均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。由此可见,本试验条件下,啤酒糟添加水平为15%最有利于瘤胃发酵且能有效提高纤维素酶活性。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different levels of brewer＇ s grains （BSG） on fermentation parameters and cellulase activity in rumen.Four Laoshan dairy goats [（40.0 ± 2.5） kg] fixed with permanent rumen fistulas were chosen as the experiment subjects,and a 4 × 4 Latin square design was adopted in this study.The dairy goats were fed the diets contained different levels of BSG：the control group was fed a basal diet without BSG,and the trial groups 1,2 and 3 were fed the diets supplemented with 10%,15% and 20% BSG based on the dry matter,respectively.Then the below values in rumen fluid were determined in 24 h：pH,ammonia nitrogen concentration,microbial protein production,volatile fatty acid concentration and the activities of carboxymethyl cellulose,cellobiase,microcrystalline cellulose and xylanase.The results showed as follows：1） the pH and the ammonia nitrogen concentration in all groups were within the normal range; the microbial protein production in trial group 2 was significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.01）.2） the acetic acid concentration in trial group 2 was significantly higher than that in other groups （P 〈 0.01）,and the total volatile fatty acid concentration in trial group 2 was significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.01） and trial group 1 （P 〈 0.05）.3） From the perspective of cellulase activity,the activities of the four kinds of enzymes in trial group 2 were significantly higher than those in control group （P 〈0.01）.In conclusion,under the experimental condition,adding 15% BSG into the diet is the most conducive to fermentation and cellulase activity in rumen.