金矿区土壤特征污染物分布特征初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Distribution Characteristics to Typical Pollutants of Soil in Gold Mining Area

为研究金矿开采区土壤典型污染物空间分布特征，2012年4月在夹皮沟金矿区内按网格法布点，采集了28处土壤样品，对样品pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷及土壤总汞含量进行测定，并分析了上述各因子间相关关系。研究表明：矿区内土壤有机质含量空间分布呈现两个数量级的宽幅波动，该现象与区内存在的复杂的各类农田土壤侵蚀过程作用有关。土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量空间变化相对较小，且二者间存在一定的正线性相关关系，推断氮磷主要源于农田施肥。矿区内土壤总汞含量介于0．094～0．136mg／kg间，土壤汞污染程度明显降低；且土壤总汞含量与pH值、有机质、碱解氮和速效磷之间无线性相关关系。

In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of typical pollutants of soil in gold mining area, 28 soil samples had been collected according to the method of grid in Jiapigou gold mine in April, 2012. Indexes of pH, organic matter, available N, available P and total mercury content of soil （TSM） had been determined and then the linear relationships among them had been analyzed, simultaneously. The results showed that in the mining area the spatial distribution of the organic matters appeared the frequency of wide fluctuations in two orders of magnitude and it maybe relate to the phenomenon of all kinds of soil ero- sion processes in the area. Moreover, the contents of available N and available P of soil were relatively small in spatial variation and there was a certain positive linear relationship between them, which was inferred to application of fertilizers. In addition, the TSM in the mining area ranged from 0.094mg/kg to 0.136mg/kg, which indicated that soil mercury pollution slow down obviously and no linear relationships between that with pH, organic matter, available N and available P.