潮州话古鼻音韵的音变历程

A Diachronic Sound Change of Nasal Rhymes in Chaozhou Dialect

从文献记录、方言比较和音系结构三方面论证潮州话部分宕摄和山、臻摄合口字经历了由鼻化韵母变鼻音韵再变鼻尾韵(v>η>vη)的语音变化。前一阶段鼻化韵变鼻音韵(v>η)是厦门、泉州等中心区闽南方言共有的创新,后一阶段鼻音韵变鼻尾韵(η>vη)则是潮州及其周边小部分方言在近百年间才发生的音变。经过此音变而新产生的鼻尾韵不再与中古阳声韵有直接对应关系。前后两个音变都与后高元音有关。

This paper uncovers a series of diachronic sound changes that the Chaozhou dialect has undergone,namely,the development from nasalized rhymes [- v珓] with [+ high] and [+back]vowels to syllabic nasal [- ],and then to nasal-ending rhymes [- v] in which the vowel nucleus are also [+ high] and [+ back]. The first change is shared by many of the Central South Min dialects,the Xiamen variety for example. But the latter change only happened in a small area around Chaozhou. This study demonstrates the process and the conditions of these two phonological changes by the method of historical comparison and by comparing early dialect documents of the Chaozhou dialect with present-day pronunciations.