1990-2011年福建省泉州市丙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of hepatitis C in Quanzhou of Fujian in 1990-2011

目的本文旨在探讨泉州市丙型病毒性肝炎（丙肝）发病趋势和流行病学特征，为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法研究采用描述流行病学方法对泉州市1990—2011年丙肝监测资料进行分析。结果1990—2011年共报告丙肝1241例，平均年发病率为0．83／10万，发病率呈逐年上升趋势（X^2趋势=1351．78，P〈0．001）；中心市区平均年发病率高于沿海地区（X2=55．71，P〈0．001），沿海地区平均年发病率高于山区（X2=3．72，P〈0．001）；每月均有病例发生，无明显的季节分布；丙肝发病以20～39岁青壮年为主，发病率随年龄的增加而逐渐上升（X^2趋势=412．63，P〈0．001）；男性发病率高于女性（X2=45．24，P〈0．001）；职业以农民、家务及待业、工人为主。结论泉州市丙肝发病率总体较低，但呈明显上升趋势，需加强控制工作，建立以切断传播途径为主的综合防控措施。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of hepatitis C in Quanzhou and to provide scien- tific evidence for disease control. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the da- ta of hepatitis C collected from 1990 to 2011in Quanzhou. Results A total of 1 241 cases of hepatitis C were reported from 1990-2011 with the annual incidence of 0.83 per 100 thousand population, which showed an an- nual up ward trend （X2=1351.78, P〈0. 001） . The annual incidence of hepatitis C in coastal area was lower than in central city （X2 =55.71, P〈0. 001）, which was higher than in mountainous area （X2 =43.72, P〈0. 001） . There was no peak season and majority of patients were adults aged 20 to 39 yeas. The incidence increased with age （X2= 412.63, P〈0. 001） and was higher in male than in female （X2 = 45.24, P〈0. 001）. Majority of patients were famers, housekeepers, unemployed personnel and workers. Conclusions The overall incidence of hepatitis C remains in a low level in Quanzhou, but it shows an up ward trend. Therefore, a comprehensive control measure should be implemented to block the transmission route of the disease.