自我管理教育对提高门诊2型糖尿病患者自我效能的影响

Study of the Effect of Self-management Education for Improving Self Efficacy of Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

【目的】探讨自我管理教育对提高门诊2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者自我效能的影响。【方法】本院门诊2010年3月至2011年10月120例T2DM患者，入组后给予糖尿病健康教育、发放学习资料、建立个人管理档案、电话随访及自我管理教育等，时间6个月，比较自我管理教育前后血糖值变化。评价每位患者的行为习惯，与患者共同设立自我管理行为目标，定期评估目标达成情况。【结果】接受自我管理教育后6个月随访，患者FPG、2hPG和HbAlc显著低于教育前（P〈O．05）。所有患者自我管理教育后药物治疗、合理饮食、规律运动、自我监测、复诊率达标率较前有显著性提高（P〈O．01）。【结论】自我管理教育能有效提高糖尿病患者自我效能。

[Objective] To explore the impact of self-management education on improving self efficacy of outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. [Methods] Totally 120 T2DM outpatients in our hospital from March 2010 to Oct. 2011 were enrolled in the study. All patients received health education and learning materials about diabetes mellitus. Personal management files were created. All patients also received telephone follow-up and self-management education. The duration was 6 months. The change of blood glucose was com- pared. The behavior and habit of each patient were evaluated. Self-management behavior goal was set up to- gether with patients. The achievement of the goal was assessed regularly. [Results] All patients were followed up after 6 months of self-management education. The levels of FPG, 2hPG and HbAlc in patients were signifi- cantly lower than before（ P 〈0.05）. Compared with before self-management education, the achievement rate of self efficacies such as drug therapy, proper diet, regular exercise, self monitoring and the rate of return visit in all patients were significantly increased（ P 〈0.01）. [Conclusion] Self management education can improve the self efficacy of diabetic patients effectively.