国内外高校动物福利教育发展历史与前景展望

The history and prospect of animal welfare education in colleges and universities at home and abroad

自20世纪80年代动物福利作为一个严谨的科学分支被人们接受以来,动物福利学科得到了迅猛发展,相关概念在科学研究结果的支持下被更精确地定义,评价动物所处福利水平的体系也逐步被建立起来。伴随着动物福利科学的发展,动物福利教育也逐步被纳入高等教育的课程体系。综述了国内外高等院校特别是高校的动物医学学院近30年间的动物福利教育进程,并以英国、美国、澳大利亚等国的动物福利教育为例说明国际动物福利教育的发展现状与趋势,结合中国现状,思考中国与国际动物福利教育之间存在的差异。随着动物福利相关科学、伦理学以及法学研究的深入,社会对动物福利的关注将会日益加深,相信至少对准动物医生普及动物福利教育必将成为发展的趋势。

As a scientific discipline, animal welfare arose in the 1980s and has developed rapidly since that time. Concepts associated have been refined with results of the researches, methods developed for assessment of animal welfare as well. With the development of animal welfare science, educators embedded animal welfare education into the college curriculum. This article summarized the develop- ment of college animal welfare education all over the world in the last 30 years, especially the education for veterinary students. Exam- ples will be given about animal welfare education in the United Kingdom, the USA, Australia and some other countries. A gap exists between the education situation of China and these countries. With the development of science researches, ethics and laws, animal wel- fare education will get popularize in the future, at least for the veterinary students.