黑龙江友谊凤林城址2000年发掘报告

THE REPORT ON THE EXCAVATION OF THE FENGLIN CITY SITE IN YOUYI COUNTY,HEILONGJIANG IN 2000

友谊县位于黑龙江省东部，东邻宝清，西连集贤，南毗双鸭山，北接富锦。友谊县位于松花江第二阶地，西南与张广才岭和完达山脉相接，北部除少数孤丘外，阶地平坦，东南为七星河。友谊县地处三江平原腹地，土质肥沃，水源充足，适合人类生存，是古代居民从事农业、渔猎业的理想场所．

The Fenglin City Site located about 300 m to the west of Fenglin Village in Chengfu Township,Youyi County is on the floodplain to the north of the middle reach of Qixing River.It is in an irregular plan and can be divided into nine districts.District 7 located in the center of the city site is in square plan with a perimeter of 490 m.To comprehensively understand the connotation and nature of the remains of the archaeological cultures during the Han Dynasty through the Three-Kingdoms Period in the Qixing River Valley,from 1998 to 2000,Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted excavations to the Fenglin City Site located in the center of the Qixing River Valley for three successive years,the focus of which was on the District 7.The results of the excavation in 2000 showed that the District 7 contained remains of the early and late phases,which further extended and deepened our understandings to the cultural connotations of this district of the Fenglin City Site.The recovered remains of the early phase included the house foundation F23,which was a semi-subterranean structure covering an area of about 700 sq m,in which 20 large postholes were arranged orderly in rows and columns,forming a grid of four bays in transverse direction and three bays in longitudinal direction facing east.Along the bottom of the four sides of the wall,ditches for erecting walls were dug,in which densely arranged small postholes were found.Referring to the characteristics of the few artifacts unearthed from this house foundation,we estimated that its date was in the Han Dynasty.The house foundations of the late phase were 10 to 30 sq m in size,all of which were semi-subterranean structures.They could be classified into two types by the presence and absence of the kang(heatable earthen beds):one type had L-shaped kang along the two side walls and the other type did not have kang.The potteries unearthed from the remains of the late phase included jars,dou-stemmed bowls,bowls,cups,zeng-steamers,vases,jugs,etc.The remains of the late phase had clear cultural features and new connotations belonging to a new archaeological culture which is named as Fenglin Culture,the date of which coincided with the Three-Kingdoms through the Sixteen-Kingdoms Periods.