美味猕猴桃‘徐香’与长果猕猴桃远缘杂交亲和性的解剖学研究

Studies on Compatibility of Interspecific Hybridization Between Actinidia diliciosa‘Xuxiang'and A.longicarpa by Anatomy

以美味猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis var.diliciosa)‘徐香’与长果猕猴桃(A.longicarpa)进行远缘杂交,利用荧光显微镜观察了花粉管行为,常规石蜡切片法观察了受精及胚发育过程的差异,统计了杂交当代种子数量和坐果率。结果表明:种间杂交长果猕猴桃的花粉粒能在美味猕猴桃‘徐香’柱头的乳突细胞表面萌发、生长,但生长速度比对照缓慢;花粉管在花柱中生长时出现波纹状弯曲、停止生长、胼胝质沿管壁不规则沉积等现象;受精过程延迟;胚胎发育出现异常;坐果率较低。种子总数明显少于种内杂交和种内自然授粉的数量,但正常种子的质量与后者大致相同。

Following interspecific hybridization between.4ctinidia chinensis var. diliciosa ＇Xuxiang＇ and A. longicarpa, pollen tube behaviour among different crossing combinations was determined using fluorescence microscope, difference in fertilization process and embryo development were observed by conventional paraffin sectioning, and fruit-setting rate and hybrid seed quantity were investigated as well. The results showed that the pollen grains of A. longicarpa which is used by interspecific hybridization germinated and grew on the papillate stigma of ＇Xuxiang＇, but the pollen tubes grew slower than those of the control, wave-like pollen tubes, growth stop and random deposition ofcallose along pollen tube wall were observed. Fertilization process delayed, embryo grew abnormally and the fi＇uit-setting rate of interspecific hybridization was lower. The seed number in fruit was less than that of introspecific hybridization or open pollination, but there was no obvious difference in the quality of regular seed among crossing combinations.