深圳市2011-2012年传染病暴发疫情监测结果分析

Epidemiological analysis of the communicable disease outbreak in Shenzhen from 2011 to 2012

目的分析深圳市2011-2012年传染病暴发监测结果和疫情发生特点。方法将2011-2012年深圳市传染病暴发疫情数据从深圳市暴发疫情监测系统中导出,按病种、地区、月份和机构类型描述性分析暴发疫情发生的特点。结果 2011-2012年深圳市暴发疫情监测系统共收到报告595起,发病人数共4985人。其中2012年报告270起疫情,比2011年下降16.9%;报告发病人数2169人,比2011年下降23.0%。2012年单起疫情病例数的中位数为7例,报告间隔中位数为5,平均罹患率为13.0。2012年学校发生暴发疫情占总起数的51.1%,托幼机构占总起数的45.2%,其它机构占了3.4%。与2011年比较,托幼机构的暴发疫情所占总起数的比例显著性增加。2011年的暴发疫情发生高峰分别为3-5月份和11-12月份,2012年只出现了一个高峰。结论逐步将暴发疫情事件和个案系统关联,进一步结合国家网被动监测数据与暴发疫情主动监测数据,有利于评价疫情的发生和发展过程及人群发生疾病的风险。

Objective To analysis the results of communicable disease outbreak in Shenzhen from 2011 to 2012.Methods The occurrence of communicable disease outbreak between 2011 and 2012 from the Shenzhen Communicable Disease Outbreak System was analyzed.Outbreak data were compared by disease category,district,month and type of venue by using SPSS 15.0.Results 595 outbreaks,involving 4 985 patients,were reported between 2011 and 2012.The number of outbreak and the total number of patients was 270 and 2 169,respectively,in 2012,and the figures were 16.9% and 23.0% less than that in 2011.The median number of patients per outbreak was 7,and the median interval between the date of occurrence of the index case and the date of reporting was 5 days,and the average attack rate was 13.0% in 2012.The frequency of outbreaks occurred in school and kindergarten were 51.1% and 45.2%,respectively,in 2012.Compared to 2011,the incidence of outbreak in kindergarten was significantly increased.There were two peaks of outbreak in 2011 （March to May and November to December）,but only the one peak of outbreak was found in 2012.Conclusions With the new disease monitoring system,patient information can be shared.The information can be used to evaluate the risk of disease outbreak.