重庆市8～10岁儿童甲状腺容积分布特征

Characteristics of the thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 years in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市消除碘缺乏病考核时8～10岁儿童甲状腺容积的分布特征,为今后评价其病情提供参考。方法 2009-2010年,以重庆市所有40个区县为调查县,每个区县随机选择1所乡小学,在被抽中的小学随机抽取60名8～10岁儿童进行甲状腺B超检查。结果共调查2393名8～10岁儿童,甲状腺容积数据不服从正态分布,呈右偏态分布,甲状腺容积中位数为3.53ml。正常儿童、肿大儿童甲状腺容积分别为3.46ml、5.47ml,8～、9～、10～岁儿童分别为3.27ml、3.53ml、3.77ml,其甲状腺容积随年龄增长而递增。不同年龄组所有儿童、正常儿童、肿大儿童的甲状腺容积比较差异均有统计学意义(H所有=131.54,H正常=140.07,H肿大=57.14,P<0.01)。男女儿童分别为3.54ml、3.48ml,不同性别的所有儿童、正常儿童、肿大儿童的甲状腺容积比较差异均无统计学意义(H所有=2.30,H正常=3.24,H肿大=0.23,P>0.05)。2009-2010年、1999年两次调查比较,儿童甲状腺肿大率(χ2=212.56,P<0.01)和甲状腺容积(H=77.85,P<0.01)均呈下降趋势。结论重庆市儿童甲状腺容积呈右偏态分布,与1999年比较,其肿大率和容积均呈下降趋势。

Objective To understand the characteristics of the thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 years in Chongqing while eliminating iodine deficiency disease so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods 40 counties were selected in Chongqing in 2009-2010.60 children aged 8-10 years of 1 school were selected from every county.The thyroid volume of children was examined by B-ultrasonograghy.Results 2 393 children aged 8-10 years were investigated.The data of the thyroid volume was abnormal distribution and the median of thyroid volume was 3.53 ml.The thyroid volumes of the normal and abnormal children were 3.46 ml and 5.47 ml,respectively.The thyroid volumes of children aged 8,9,and 10-year were 3.27 ml,3.53 ml and 3.77 ml,respectively.Children’s thyroid volume was progressively increased with age.There was a significant difference for the thyroid volume among total,normal and abnormal children at same age （H total =131.54,H normal =140.07,H abnormal =57.14,P＆lt;0.01）.The thyroid volumes of the male and female children were 3.54 ml and 5.48 ml,respectively.There was no significant difference for the thyroid volume among total,normal and abnormal children of same sex （H total =2.30,H normal =3.24,H abnormal =0.23,P ＆gt;0.05）.There was a significant difference for the goiter rate （χ2 =212.56,P＆lt;0.01） and thyroid volume （H=77.85,P＆lt;0.01） between 1999 and 2009-2010.Conclusions The data of the thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 years was right-skewed distribution in 2009 in Chongqing.The thyroid volume and goiter rate showed a downward trend as compared with the investigated results in 1999.