佛山市2005-2011年流行性出血热监测及疫情分析

Epidemiology and surveillance programs on epidemic hemorrhagic fever in Foshan,2005-2011

目的分析佛山市2005—2011年流行性出血热（EHF）的流行特点和趋势，为全市制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法对2005—2011年间在全国传染病监测信息报告管理系统网络直报的属地为佛山市的流行性出血热病例资料及四害监测鼠密度监测资料，用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果2005—2011年佛山市共报告流行性出血热病例219例，无死亡病例，年发病率在0．14／10万～0．74／10万，发病率总体呈逐年上升趋势。病例主要集中在南海区。报告病例数占全市报告病例总数的42．92％。全市发病呈春季和秋冬季两个高峰，随着年份的推移，春峰出现时间提前且变得窄耸。病例以青壮年居多，职业以工人为主。2006—2011年鼠间监测显示混合鼠密度相对稳定，优势鼠种为褐家鼠，占60．99％。结论佛山市流行性出血热疫情总体平稳，近年病例报告有所上升，这可能与流行因素存在、混合鼠抗药性增加等原因有关，应加强疫情监测、提高综合防控能力。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and trend of epidemic hemorrhagic fever （EHF） in Foshan, from 2005 to 2011, in order to provide a scientific basis for development of control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze both the surveillance data and the rat density monitoring data from 2005 to 2011, collected from the Chinese infectious disease surveillance information management system and mouse monitoring. Results A total of 219 EHF cases reported in Foshan from 2005 to 2011, with an annual morbidity between 0.14/100 000- 0.74/100 000, showing an annual increasing trend since 2005. Most of the cases were concentrated in Nahai county, which had a total of 94 cases reported, accounting for 42.92% of the total number of cases. More cases were reported in spring and autumn-winter season, and the peak in spring appeared earlier year by year and the shape became tower. Most cases occurred in young and middle-aged workers. The rat density were relatively stable, Rattus norvegicus was still the most predominant animal host species, accounting for 60.99% of the total number of mouse. Conclusion EHF epidemic situation in Foshan was steady. The increasing trend of EHF epidemics could be related to epidemic factors and drug resistance. Therefore, we should strengthen the monitoring and improve the comprehensive prevention and control ability.