合成高级醇的微生物细胞工厂研究进展

Advance in producing higher alcohols by microbial cell factories

高级醇疏水性好,能量密度高,能与汽油随意混合;用微生物发酵可再生材料生产高级醇燃料替代矿物燃料是发展趋势。文中综述了构建合成高级醇的酿酒酵母和大肠杆菌细胞工厂的研究和相关技术平台。重点介绍了依赖CoA的梭菌途径和α-酮酸介导的非发酵途径的构建,分析了各自的特点,总结了生产高级醇的微生物细胞工厂的构建策略;提出高级醇工业化生产要解决的问题和研究方向。

Higher alcohols have a high energy density, low hygroscopicity and can be mixed with gasoline at any ratio. It is the trend to？replace？fossil fuels with biofuels produced via microbial fermentation of renewable resources. We reviewed the progress in the development of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli that can produce higher alcohols, as well as the related technology platforms. We mainly focused on the construction of CoA-dependent pathways and α-keto acid mediated non-fermentative pathways, analyzed their respective characteristics, and summarized the construction strategies. The problems to be solved and future research direction were also discussed.