黑龙江省鄂伦春族容貌特征

Facial characteristics of Oroqen adults in Heilongjiang province

目的：了解黑龙江省鄂伦春族头面部特征。方法：按照人体测量方法，对黑龙江省鄂伦春族168例（男81例，女87例）成人的18项头面部指标进行活体观察，所得数据录入SPSSl6．0软件包，进行频数分析、卡方检验等统计学处理。结果：黑龙江省鄂伦春族的颧部突出度、鼻根高度、鼻背侧面观、鼻基底方向、眼色和发色均存在性别差异；黑龙江省鄂伦春族成人共同的容貌特征为直型下颌、无上眼睑皱褶及蒙古褶、Ⅱ级眼裂高度、外高型眼裂倾斜度、低型鼻翼高度、水平型鼻孔最大径、低型鼻翼宽、有耳垂、无尖型额头发际、直发。结论：黑龙江省鄂伦春族属蒙古人种北亚类型，具有北方人群的体质特征。

Objective： To fully investigate the facial characteristics of Oroqen nationality adults living in Heilongjiang province. Methods： According to the human body measurement method, 18 items of the head facial index of 168 Heilongjiang Oroqen adults （81 males and 87 females） were observed and analyzed. The group input the data to SPSS16.0 for frequency analysis, Chi-square statistics processing, etc. Results： There existed some gender differences in Heilongjiang Oroqen adults＇ head facial features, which included zygomatic projection, nasal root height, nasal profile, nose base department, eye color and hair color. The Oroqen nationality adults living in Heilongjiang province had the following characteristics： mostly were straight chin, no eye fold of upper eyelid and mongolodid fold, moderate opening height of eye slits. The direction of eye slits was exterior angle higher than interior angle. The height of the wing nose was low. The largest footpath position of the nostril was transverse. The breadth of the nasal ala was wide. The earlobe type was evenly distributed. The forehead hair point was apiciform. The hair form was a straight type. Conclusion： The Oroqen nationality clearly belongs to the North Asian type of the Mongoloid race. They have the characteristics of Chinese ethnics living in the north of China.