应用锥形束CT分析上颌前牙区龈乳头形态的初步研究

Preliminary study on measuring interdental papilla height and thickness of the maxillary anterior teeth based on cone-beam computed tomography

目的 探索上颌前牙区龈乳头充满牙间接触点根方楔形间隙时（以下简称龈乳头充满）的特点及相关因素.方法 选择牙龈健康的北京大学口腔医学院在读学生15人,共纳入62个龈乳头,进行印模技术结合造影间接牙龈显影的锥形束CT拍摄后测量骨嵴顶处的龈乳头高度及厚度,临床测量龈乳头宽度,应用SPSS16.0统计软件分析其相互关系.结果 自然人群中上颌前牙区健康牙龈乳头充满时骨嵴顶处的龈乳头高度为（3.67 ±0.51） mm（均＜5 mm）；龈乳头厚度为（8.38±0.75） mm;龈乳头宽度为（4.35±1.03） mm.中切牙与侧切牙间骨嵴顶处龈乳头厚度为（7.97±0.56） mm,与中切牙间及侧切牙与尖牙间的龈乳头厚度差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.龈乳头充满时骨嵴顶处的龈乳头高度与厚度呈中度正相关（r=0.433,P＜0.001）.结论 应用锥形束CT拍摄能获得龈乳头的清晰影像并可测量其相关指标,牙龈健康的自然人群上颌前牙区龈乳头充满时骨嵴顶处龈乳头高度均＜5 mm；骨嵴顶处龈乳头高度、厚度、宽度两两相关.

Objective To investigate the features of the fill of interdental spaces by gingival papillae and the associated factors.Methods Fifteen volunteers with healthy gingiva were involved in this study.The height and thickness on the alveolar crest level of 62 maxillary anterior papilla were measured radiographically with cone-beam computed tomography（CBCT） scans.A standardized periodontal probe with Williams markings was used for measurements of the papilla width on the alveolar crest level.Results When the papilla was complete fill interdentally,the mean height of papillary tissue on the alveolar crest level （equal to contact point-bone crest） was （3.67 ± 0.51） mm.The mean thickness of papilla on the alveolar crest level was （8.38 ± 0.75） mm.The papilla height had a positive correlation with papilla thickness （r =0.433,P 〈 0.001）.Conclusions The cone-beam computed tomography can be used for clear visualization of the papilla profile and the measurements of papilla height and thickness.Thicker and wider tissue was associated with an increased likelihood of having a complete papilla fill.