合金元素或氧化物强化W-Ni-Fe高密度合金的研究进展

Research progress of alloying elements or oxides strengthened W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys

为满足对高力学性能钨合金的需求,抑制钨晶粒的生长,制备细晶钨合金是发展趋势。向钨合金复合粉末中添加合金元素或氧化物,将引起细晶强化、固溶强化或弥散强化,有利于改善钨合金的强度和硬度。从添加难熔金属元素、稀土元素及其氧化物等方面入手,并结合本文作者对放电等离子烧结含Mo细晶钨合金的研究,介绍细晶高密度W-Ni-Fe合金的合金元素强化技术。最后,基于目前该领域存在的一些主要问题,对未来研究方向提出了若干建议。

In order to meet the demand for W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys（WHAs） with high mechanical properties,fabricating fine-grained WHAs by restraining the growth of W grains is the main development trend.Adding alloying elements or oxides in W-Ni-Fe composite powders can cause fine-grained strengthening,solution strengthening or dispersion strengthening.These strengthening techniques are benefit to the significant improvement of WHAs strength and hardness.From adding refractory metal elements,rare earth elements and oxides in the WHAs,and combining with the studies of the authors on the fine-grained WHAs containing Mo fabricated by spark plasma sintering（SPS）,different strengthening techniques were introduced.Based on the existing main problems in the realm of WHAs,some suggestions of future research directions were presented.