上海地区新入侵草坪害虫早熟禾拟茎草螟的鉴定及危害

Identification and damage of the bluegrass webworm moth,Parapediasia teterrella(Zincken)(Lepidoptera:Crambidae),a new invasive pest on lawns in Shanghai,Eastern China

在上海发现一种取食观赏草坪矮生百慕大Cynodon dactylon的革螟科新害虫。为了明确这一新害虫的分类地位、寄主及危害状况,本研究在形态鉴定的基础上,结合线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COI/cox1)的测序和比对方法,对其分类地位进行了核实;并调查了其在上海地区草坪草上的发生及危害现状。形态鉴定结果表明,这一新害虫为原产于北美的早熟禾拟茎草螟Parapediasia teterrella,是中国新记录属种。序列比对显示,目标样本656 bp的cox1序列与NCBI中已提交的P.teterrellus的4个COI条形码序列覆盖率为100%,同源性达100%,表明分子遗传数据支持形态鉴定结果。调查发现,早熟禾拟茎草螟寄主主要为矮生百慕大,已在上海多个区县形成危害,局部地区危害严重,种群密度最高的区域达740头/m^2。早熟禾拟茎草螟是中国新发现的入侵害虫,已明确其在上海地区能定殖、扩散,并形成经济危害,其入侵将威胁我国草坪产业和园林绿化的健康发展,需引起足够重视。

An invasive insect species on turfgrasses （Cynodon dactylon） in lawns is newly recorded in Shanghai, Eastern China. In the current investigations, we determined the taxonomic status, host plants and damages caused by this species. The species was identified based on morphological comparison, and then confirmed by the sequencing and comparison of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I （COI） gene. Both morphological and molecular identification indicated that the newly invaded species is the bluegrass webworm moth, Parapediasia teterrella, a moth native to North America. Field investigation showed that the species was widely distributed in Shanghai and caused serious damages to turfgrasses, especially C. dactylon. In some parks, the maximum population density of this pest reached to 740 individuals/m2. It is believed that this insect species should be listed as a new invasive pest in China due to its exotic and established characteristics as well as serious economic effects in the new regions. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to focus on the integrated management of newly introduced P. teterrella in order to reduce its threat to turfgrasses and gardening landscapes in China.