政府主导型发展模式的兴衰:比较研究视野

The Rise and Fall of the State-led Development Model:Comparative Perspectives

如何评价政府主导型发展模式,是国际比较发展研究学界的重要课题之一。在1980年代,发展型政府理论兴起,以解释东亚经济奇迹,之后成为有关政府主导型发展模式的理论基础。发展型政府意指一种特定的政府行为、政策和制度的总和,这样的政府拥有一批具有强烈发展意愿的精英,他们超脱于社会力量或利益集团的左右,有能力自主地制定高瞻远瞩的发展战略,并最终将有限的资源动员起来通过产业政策的实施推动所管辖地区的产业发展和经济成长。在全球化时代,发展型政府自身也面临转型的挑战。更为重要的是,政府主导型发展模式要取得一定的成功,发展型政府必须以"市场增强型"的措施来干预市场。

The state- led development is a major subject in the field of comparative development studies. In the 1980s, a theory of the developmental state arose to explain the East Asian Miracle, and since then this theory has become a basis of the state -led development model. The term ＂developmental state＂ refers to an aggregation of specific government actions, policies and institutions. This type of government is led by a group of political elites who manifest strong will to develop. Being independent of societal forces or interest groups, they are capable of autonomously making industrial policies to mobilize resources for promoting industrial development. In a new era of globalization, the developmental state faces challenges of self -transformation. More important, the state -led development model would achieve certain success only if the developmental state adopts market- augmenting government interventions.