车辆-沥青路面耦合系统相互作用研究

Interaction in a vehicle asphalt pavement coupled system

在路面随机激励的时域仿真模型上选用双自由度的四分之一车辆振动模型建立了车辆-路面振动模型。同时基于分数阶导数沥青混合料粘弹性模型,建立了沥青路面结构二维有限元模型,并通过车辆与路面之间的几何和力学耦合关系,推导出车辆-路面耦合系统的分数阶动力学状态方程,求解其动态响应。在此基础上进行了车辆-沥青路面耦合系统相互作用的数值分析。分析表明,通过动态模量试验,采用分数阶导数三元件模型描述沥青混合料的动态粘弹性能进行路面数值模拟,更接近于路面结构实际的动态响应;路面平整度对随机动载荷的大小其决定作用,路面等级的降低会增加路面的动变形,进而会加速路面不平整度的发展及路面的破坏,应控制好路面平整度及施工质量,加强路面养护。

A vibration model for a quarter vehicle with 2DOF was adopted to establish a vehicle-road vibration simulation model in time domain under random excitation. At the same time, based on fractional order derivative viscoelastic model of asphalt mixture, an asphalt pavement structure＇s 2D finite element model was established, and through the geometric and mechanical coupling relationships, fractional order dynamic state equations of a vehicle pavement coupled system were deduced. Its dynamic response was solved. On this basis, the interaction in the vehicle- asphalt pavement coupled system was analyzed. The results showed that through dynamic modulus tests, the fractional order derivative 3-component model can be adopted to describe the dynamic viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixture and perform the numerical simulation of the pavement, the result is more close to the actual dynamic response of the pavement structure; the random dynamic load is dependent upon the pavement roughness, the road surface level drop can increase the dynamic deformation of the pavement, and accelerate the development of the road surface unevenness and the pavement damage, so the road surface roughness and construction quality should be controlled, and the pavement maintenance should be enhanced.