森林湿地火烧6年后地表可燃物变化

Change of surface fuel in forest wetland after burned six years

可燃物是引发森林火灾的基础物质,研究森林地表可燃物变化是火后植被恢复和林火管理的基础。利用标准地调查分析南瓮河森林湿地在2006年火烧后地表可燃物的变化,地表径级可燃物采用线状相交法调查,林下可燃物采用样方调查法调查。结果表明:针阔混交林、阔叶林和针叶林在火后地表3.0 cm以下径级可燃物减少,5.0 cm以上径级可燃物增加,灌丛基本无地表径级可燃物。所有调查的森林类型中,重度火烧后可燃物载量变化大于中度火烧。重度火烧后灌木层可燃物载量增加,中度火烧后的林下灌木可燃物变化有差异,火后6年草本可燃物载量增加,落叶层可燃物载量减少。

Fuel is the base of forest fire occurrence. To study the change of forest surface fuel is necessary to improve vegetation recovery process and fire management. The plots investigation in burned areas in Nanwenghe natural reserve in 2006 was used to analyze the changes of understory fuel. A linear intersect method was used to measure the loadings of surface fuel at different size on diameter, and a quadrat survey method was used to measure loadings of understory fuel. Results showed that the loadings of fuel with diameter less than 3.0 em decreased and fuels with diameter more than 5.0 cm increased for coniferous and broadleaf mixed forests, broadleaf forests and coniferous forests. There were almost no surface diameter fuels for shrubs. In severely burned areas, the fuels loadings were larger than those of lightly burned areas for all vegetation types. Understory fuel loadings increased in severely burned areas while different changes in modest burned areas. Fuel loadings of herb layers increased and that of litters decreased after burned six years.