潜意识及对《父亲的微笑之光》中潜意识的阐释

Unconsciousness and Interpretation of Unconsciousness in By the Light of My Father's Smile

潜意识在艾丽斯·沃克的小说《父亲的微笑之光》中具有重要的意义。在弗洛伊德的精神分析理论下,潜意识是人类心理活动中很难或永远不能进入意识的部分,但它却是人的本能冲动、被压抑的欲望和本能冲动的替代物。父亲罗宾逊对女儿麦克格琳娜的鞭打事件主导了整部小说的发展,并造成了小说中主要人物性格转变及命运转变。笔者借鉴弗洛伊德的潜意识和人格结构说,揭开鞭打事件的本相,而透过鞭打事件表象,审视沃克笔下的人性本质,失衡的自我在通过人性的自省后摆脱记忆的痛楚,达成了生存美好愿景的心理历程。

Unconsciousness plays a very important role in Alice Walker＇ s By the light of My father＇ s smile. In Freudian Psychoanalysis Theory,it is the substitution of depressed desire and id. The paper attempts to use Psychoanalysis to analyze the whipping event. It is the reason why the father witnesses the sexual experience of the daughter and why he whipped her. Though the long time of self- reflection, he finally finds the balance in his personality structure.