制度质量与收入不均:基于中国省级层面数据的实证研究

Institutional Quality and Income Inequality:Empirical Research Based on Chinese Provincialevel Data

本文通过建立跨省动态面板模型,运用系统GMM估计方法考察各省制度质量对我国收入分配和收入不均的影响,发现我国制度质量与收入不均之间存在倒U型的关系,当制度质量较低的时候,制度质量的提升会加大贫富差距,但当制度质量提升到一定程度,跨过一定的门槛值之后,会缩小贫富差距。我国制度质量尚处于较低阶段,因此近年来我国制度质量的提升,加剧了财富由低收入人群向高收入人群的转移,扩大了贫富差距。

By inter-provincial dynamic panel model and the system GMM estimation,the study examines the impact on income distribution and income inequality of different institutional quality in different provinces in China,and finds that the inverted U-shaped relationship exists between institutional quality and income in- equality. When the institutional quality is poor,the improvement of institutional quality may worsen income inequality;when this improvement reaches a certain threshold,however,the improvement of institutional quality would narrow the wealth gap. As the institutional quality of China now still remains at a relatively low lev- el,enhancing institutional quality in recent years has exacerbated the wealth transfered from the low-income to the upper income level.