海洋灾害脆弱性综合评价指标体系的设计

Design of Marine Disaster Vulnerability Evaluation Index System

灾害脆弱性的评价呈现多维度发展。其研究领域从自然科学延伸到社会科学,评价内涵从内部风险发展到系统分析,评价指标从外部环境扩展到社会经济等多个方面。海洋灾害脆弱性作为脆弱性研究的新兴角度,在进行评价指标体系设计时也应从自然、社会、经济、政治和制度等多个方面,系统构建脆弱性综合评价体系。基于因素分析法"由表及里"的逻辑思路,从显性因素到内部因素两个方面分析了海洋灾害脆弱性的损失特征和应对能力,从人身财产、海岸环境、城市建设、社会保障和灾后恢复能力5个方面尝试建立了海洋灾害脆弱性评价指标体系。

The evaluation of disaster vulnerability demonstrates multi-dimension progress. The research area extends from natural science field to social science discipline, and research scope extends from internal risk evaluation to systematic analysis, evaluation index covers external environment and social, economic, and other aspects. Being the emerging angle of vulnerability research, marine disaster vulnerability study should be constructed as a comprehensive evaluation system which covers natural, social, economic, political and institutional, and many other aspects. Based on the logic of factor analysis as ＂from outward appearance to inner essence＂, the damage characteristics of the marine disaster vulnerability and the capacity to respond were analyzed from dominance and recessive factors. A marine disaster vulnerability evaluation index system was established from five perspectives including personal property, environment, urban construction, social security and disaster recovery ability.