意想不到的文化使者--广东淘金客与中国音乐在新西兰早期的传播

The Unexpected Cultural Ambassadors: Chinese Gold Miners and Music Making on the Otago Goldf Mines of New Zealand

中国音乐文化在新西兰的传播经历了五个阶段:1865-1900为第一阶段,此阶段中国音乐的传播者为来新淘金的广东农民。1900-1950为第二阶段,此阶段的主要特点是华人社团的兴起与中华音乐文化的维持。第三阶段为1950-1972,此间承担媒介作用虽仍是居新华人,但由于华人此间处于认同主流社会文化、被主流社会"同化"的时期,在年轻的华人中,西方音乐呈现出取代传统中国音乐之势,但粤剧仍为老辈华人所钟爱。1972-1987为第四阶段,中新外交关系的建立不仅为中华音乐文化在新的传播开拓了官方的渠道,也为新西兰音乐家了解中国音乐提供了机会。从1987年至今为第五阶段,此阶段的特点是大量华人移民的融入。新移民潮的出现与中国经济的勃兴为中华音乐文化在新西兰的传播提供了多种渠道。文章将以广东淘金客为焦点,叙述中国传统音乐文化早期在新西兰南岛奥塔哥地区的传播。

During the latter part of the 19th century, Chinese peasants from the Pearl River Delta travelled to New Zealand to work on the Otago gold mines. They brought with them Cantonese music and musical instruments, and used them as a means of entertainment for themselves, but also engaged with the local communities. This paper explores the musical activities of Cantonese gold miners and their unrecognized role in introducing Chinese music to New Zealand.