海陆分界与江苏沿海理论最高潮位研究

Research on sea-land demarcation and maximum theoretical tide level along Jiangsu coast

海岸线的划分对于人类管理海洋资源和陆地资源都具有十分重要的意义,但是,海岸线的定义多年来仍然没有一个统一的标准。我国以往一直沿用多年平均大潮高潮面的方法来确定海岸线,随着经济的发展和海陆资源开发的不断深入,用这种界定方法定义海岸线,人为因素的影响,以及定义中比较模糊的缺点逐渐显露出来,这对海洋管理和资源开发是很不利的。针对此问题,提出以理论最高潮位面代替常年大潮平均高潮面作为划分海陆分界的依据,并将这种方法的可行性和优点进行了分析。同时,以江苏沿海为例,建立了二维水动力数学模型,计算得出了江苏沿岸理论最高和理论最低潮位的分布。

The sea-land demarcation is very important for marine and terrestrial resources management. However, it is not favorable for the marine management and resources development when using the mean highwater spring in many years to instead of the coastline. To solve the problem,a method using the maximum theoretical tidal level instead of the mean high water springs of many years was put forward to determine the coastline, and feasibility and advantages of this method were analyzed. Moreover, a two-dimensional mathematical model of tidal current along Jiangsu coast was established. Based on the model, the distribution of the maximum and the minimum theoretical tidal level along Jiangsu coast was obtained.