浅论印度民族主义意识的确立

The Creation of Indian Nationalist Consciousness

在西方殖民统治的处境下并受到西方意识形态的影响,印度在十九世纪基本上实现了一场民族主义的自我认同。其前期主要表现在政治、经济、文化等领域中的天然自发的民族意识、情感和立场的表达,而后在提拉克以"印度自治"为宗旨的宗教-政治学说里臻于成熟和确立,并通过圣雄甘地和国大党领导的政治实践使之化为现实。

By the end of 19th Century, India had begun to build up its nationalist self-identidy as a result of the British colonial domination and Western ideologies pouring in.At the early stage, the Indian nationalist identity was mainly reflected in political, economic and cultural fields where nationalists expressed their native national consciousness, sentiments and po- sition.Bal Gangadhar Tilak stressed the notion of Indian autonomy in his religious and political theory, which later be- came the tenet of the popular movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Party.