职业性铅接触工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率的变化

Study on micronucleus frequency in human lymphocyte exposed to occupational lead

目的探讨职业性铅接触的遗传毒性作用。方法选取2012年7月至9月在北京市疾病预防控制中心进行职业健康体检的工人60人,其中铅作业组(Lead group)38人,非铅作业组(Non-lead group)22人,均为男性。采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定尿铅含量,采用表面荧光法测定血液锌原卟啉(Zn-protoporphyrin,ZPP)含量,采用微量全血培养方法检测外周血淋巴细胞微核率(micronucleus frequency,MNF,‰),并进行统计分析。结果铅作业组与非铅作业组工人之间的尿铅含量差异无统计学意义,但两者的ZPP含量和淋巴细胞微核率的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。铅作业工人的淋巴细胞微核率与ZPP含量之间存在较强的正相关性(r s=0.778)。结论职业性铅接触使工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率增加,导致染色体畸变。

Objective To explore the genetic toxicity of occupational lead exposure. Methods Sixty workers who came to our institute for occupational health examination from July to September 2012 were divided into two groups： lead group 38 people and non-lead group 22 people, all males. The uric lead was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry （GF-AAS）, the Zn- protoporphyrin （ZPP） in blood was measured by surface fluorescence method, and lymphocyte micronucleus frequency （MNF, %0） was detected using micro-whole blood culture method. Then statistical analysis was applied. Results There was no statistical difference in urine lead between lead group and non-lead group, but the differences in ZPP and MNF were significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Furthermore, the result of statistical analysis showed that there was a strong positive correlation （ rs = O. 778 ） between ZPP and MNF in lead exposed workers. Conclusion Occupational lead could increase the MNF in lead exposed workers, inducing chromosome aberration.