杂交水稻育种将迎来新时代

Hybrid Rice Breeding Welcomes a New Era of Molecular Crop Design

杂种优势是生物界一种普遍的现象,在许多作物中得到应用.杂交水稻自20世纪70年代开始在中国大规模种植,对于粮食生产具有举足轻重的作用.现有的"三系法"和"两系法"杂交育种技术对粮食增产贡献巨大,但它们的技术缺陷也非常明显.本文在总结已有杂交育种技术的操作流程及优缺点的基础上,阐述了利用智能不育杂交育种技术,实现隐性雄性核不育材料在杂交水稻中应用的技术流程.这种飞跃性技术的运用将推动杂交水稻的生产进入一个新的时代.

Heterosis, or hybrid vigor, is a general phenomenon in biology. Harvest of heterosis has been succeeded in a number of crop species. Hybrid rice was first adapted in China in large scale in the middle of 1970s, and two generations of hybrid seed production technology based on distinct male sterility mutations have been employed. New hybrid seed production systems have been reported lately using the modern biotechnology and molecular crop design, which may lead to a new era of hybrid rice practice.