间作种植模式对玉米大豆干物质积累与转运的影响

Effects of Intercropping Patterns on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transportation of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

[目的]探讨玉米(Zea mays L.)大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merrill]间作种植模式下群体干物质积累及经济效益。[方法]以郑单958和鲁黄1号为供试品种,在黄淮海平原地区研究了间作种植模式对玉米大豆干物质积累与转运的影响。[结果]玉米单作单位面积干物质积累量显著高于间作,尤以吐丝后为甚,达到极显著水平;大豆干物质积累量开花前和开花后单作均极显著高于间作。转运量单作均显著或极显著高于间作,转运率玉米间作较单作高出0.59%,大豆间作较单作高出4.74%。对干物质积累过程用Logistic方程模拟,可知玉米单作和间作的最大干物质积累速率达到显著水平,大豆单作和间作的最大干物质积累速率及其出现时间和持续时间均达到了极显著水平。间作的土地当量比总和为1.30;从产量和产值来看,间作产量总和为10.97 t/hm2,比玉米和大豆单作分别高0.64%和326.85%。间作的产值总和为25 796.23元/hm2,比玉米和大豆单作分别高出12.67%和104.68%。[结论]该研究可为提高粮食产量和经济效益奠定基础。

[ Objective] The aim was to discuss the group dry matter accumulation and economic benefits under the patterns of intercropping maize with soybean. [ Method] Zhengdan-958 and Luhuang-1 were used as the testing breeds to study the intercropping patterns on dry matter accumulation and transportation of maize and soybean in Huang-huai-hai. [ Result] The results showed that dry matter accumulation amount per hectare of intercropping was significantly higher than that of the monoculture patterns of maize, especially after silking. The dry matter ac- cumulation amount of monoculture were significantly higher than that of the intercropping patterns of soybean before and after flowering. The dry matter translocation amount of monoculture were significantly or very significantly higher than that of intercropping. The transfer rates were O. 59% and 4.74% respectively of maize and soybean＇s intercropping than monoculture. The dry matter accumulation were fitted with Logistic equation, and maximum dry matter accumulation rate reached significant level between monoculture and intercropping of maize. Maximum, appearance and duration of dry matter accumulation rate reached the extremely significant level between monoculture and intercropping of soy- bean. Land equivalent ratio of intercropping wasl. 30. From yield and output value, The yield of intercropping were 10.97 t/hm2, and 0. 64% and 326.85% higher respectively compared with monocuhure of maize and soybean. The intercropping of total output value was 25 796.23 CNY per ha, and 12.67% and 12.67% higher than that of maize and soybeans monoculture. [ Conclusion] The study lays a basis for improving grain yield and economic benefits.