花椒籽油中α-亚麻酸3种富集方法比较研究

Comparative Study of Three Enrichment Methods for α-linolenic Acid from Seed Oil of Chinese Red Pepper

[目的]研究比较花椒籽油中α-亚麻酸的3种富集方法。[方法]采用冷冻丙酮法、尿素包合法、硝酸银络合法3种方法对花椒籽油中的α-亚麻酸的富集进行研究,通过对α-亚麻酸含量、工艺过程、设备要求、成本几个方面比较3种富集方法的优劣。[结果]试验表明,3种方法都能提高花椒籽混合脂肪酸中的α-亚麻酸含量,其中硝酸银络合法富集率最高,但产品中有重金属残留,且工艺复杂,成本较高,不能应用于食品、药品行业;冷冻丙酮法和尿素包合法工艺过程比较简单,成本很低,但富集率偏低,无法满足行业所需的高纯度α-亚麻酸生产。[结论]3种方法各有利弊,花椒籽油中α-亚麻酸的富集方法及工艺过程还需进一步研究。

[ Objective ] To study three enrichment methods for α-linolenic acid from seed oil of Chinese red pepper. [ Method ] The enrich- ment of ct-linolenic acid from seed oil of Chinese red pepper was studied by methods of freezing acetone, urea-inclusion and silver nitrate com- plexation. The advantages and disadvantages of the three methods were compared from aspects of technique process, equipment demands and cost. [ Result] The enrichment rate of silver nitrate eomplexation is the highest, but the technique is complex and cost is higher with heavy metal residue, which can not be applied in food and medicine industry; The technique process of freezing acetone, urea-inclusion is simple, the cost and enrichment rate is lower, which can not satisfy high purity α-linolenic acid production. [ Conclusion] The enrichment method and technique process forα-linolenie acid from seed oil of Chinese red pepper should be studied deeply.