论自由与造国——以《新民丛报》为考察对象

Discussion on Freedom and Building Country——Taking Miscellany for New Citizens as Object of Study

《社会契约论》认为政府和国民都是构成国家的基本要素,都具有各自的人格,不能相互所有。《新民丛报》学人在学习西方先进文化挽救民族危亡的过程中,认为中国作为一个国家只有国家的形体而没有国家的精神,所以他们主张重新造一个国家,否则中国人必至于无道德,中国人必为贫贱必为奴隶。

Social contracts thought that government and national are the elements of the country, and have their personality, and they are independent. When writers of Miscellany for New Citizens learned the advanced culture of Western country to save the nation, they thought China, as a country, only has the country＇s body without the spirit of the nation. So they advocated re- building a country. If Chinese people did not re-build a country, Chinese people would be amoral, poor and lowly, and become slaves.