皖北地区围绝经期女性骨质疏松影响因素调查及健康教育

A Survey on Influence Factors of Osteoporosis in Perimenopausal Women from Northern Anhui and Health Education

目的探讨皖北地区围绝经期女性骨质疏松(OP)的影响因素及健康教育。方法对2010年3月-2012年10月来医院体检的围绝经期女性进行问卷调查和骨密度(BMD)检测。结果 OP随着年龄的增加而增加,绝经前后骨密度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);居住在城市的女性OP患病率高于农村(P<0.05);脑力劳动者的OP患病率高于体力劳动者(P<0.05)。与BMD显著正相关的因素有:喝牛奶、居住地为农村,呈负相关的因素有:年龄、绝经年龄、生育次数、吸烟、哺乳时间。结论围绝经期妇女发生骨质疏松主要与年龄、绝经因素、居住地、职业、生育状况及不健康的生活方式有关。骨质疏松患者应改变不良的生活方式及饮食习惯,加强锻炼,正规合理用药,定期复查等。

Objective To explore the influence factors of osteoporosis in perimenopausal women from northern Anhui and the health education. Methods A questionnaire survey and bone mineral density test were finished in the perimenopausal women un- dergoing healthy check-up from March 2010 to October 2012 in our hospital. Results The incidence of osteoporosis increased with the age of patients, and the difference in the incidence before and after the menopause was significant（ P 〈 0.01 ） ;the inci- dence in women from cities was higher than that from countryside （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; the incidence in knowledge workers was higher than that in manual workers （ P 〈 O. 05 ）. The positive factors with BMD were： milk, live in the countryside ; the negative ones with BMD were age, menopause age, procreative times, smoking, breast feeding, et al. Conclusion The main factors of osteoporosis were age, menopause, place of residence, occupation, birth status and the unhealthy life. Patients with osteoporosis should change the unhealthy lifestyle;receive more exercise, rational drug using and review regularly.