呼吸道病毒、17q21基因多态性与哮喘易感性的研究进展

Research progress in respiratory virus,SNPs on chromosome 17q21 and susceptibility to asthma

支气管哮喘是儿童时期最常见的呼吸道疾病之一,其发病机制复杂,是环境与遗传背景直接或间接作用的结果。目前,鼻病毒感染被认为是哮喘发生机制环境因素中最重要的因素,但是并不是所有鼻病毒感染后都会发生哮喘,说明遗传背景的重要性。17q21染色体上基因多态性是目前研究证据最充分的与儿童哮喘发病相关的遗传因素。在病毒感染与哮喘关系中,病毒作为直接因果关系的证据很少,更多观点认为病毒标记筛选出具有哮喘易患体质的儿童。具有17q21基因遗传背景的儿童,在早期发生的HRV感染喘息性疾病,后期发展成为儿童哮喘的可能性大。

Bronchial asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases in children. Its pathogenesis is complex, which is a result of direct and indirect effects of environment and genetic background. At present, rhinovirus-wheezing infection is considered to be the most important environmental factor. However, genetic factors is also important since not all rhinovirus-wheezing infants become childhood asthma. The SNPs on chromosome 17q21 are the most evident genetic factor for the disease. There is little evidence in correla- tion between virus infection and the disease. It has been well accepted that virus markers screen a predisposition for children with asth-ma. Children with 17q21 SNPs have asthmatic disease caused by rhinovirus in the early ages are prone to develop the childhood asthma.