2001～2010年四川省民族与非民族地区孕产妇死因分析

Analysis of the cause of maternal deaths in minority and non-minority areas of Sichuan during 2001 to 2010

目的分析2001～2010年四川省民族与非民族地区孕产妇死因构成、影响因素等,提出相应减少孕产妇死亡的干预措施。方法采用回顾性统计分析方法,对四川省民族和非民族地区2001～2010年的孕产妇死亡卡进行整理分析。结果 2001～2010年四川省民族地区死亡孕产妇年龄主要集中在20～25岁,文化程度主要为小学及文盲,分娩和死亡地点都以家中为主;非民族地区则主要集中在35岁及以上,文化程度主要为初中,分娩和死亡地点则以区县级医院为主。民族地区与非民族地区前三位死因均为产科出血、羊水栓塞、心脏病。民族地区产科出血所占比例高于非民族地区,出血的主要原因是胎盘滞留,非民族地区产科出血的主要原因是宫缩乏力。结论民族地区应发展地区经济,加强医疗机构的产科质量,提高妇幼卫生的应急能力。

Objective To analyze the causes of maternal deaths in minority and non-minority areas of Sichuan,and suggest the intervention measures to reduce the maternal deaths. Methods The maternal death cards in minority and non-minority areas of Si-chuan from 2001to 2010 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results The age of the maternal deaths in the minority areas mainly was 20 - 25 years old while 35 years old or older in the non-minority areas. The education degree of maternal deaths was main-ly primary school or illiteracy in the minority areas while junior middle school in the non-minority areas. The death place of maternal deaths occurred mainly at home in the minority areas while county hospitals in the non-minority areas.＇ The top three causes of deaths were obstetric hemorrhage, amniotic fluid embolism, and heart disease. In the minority areas, obstetric hemorrhage was retained placenta while obstetric hemorrhage was uterine inertia in the non-minority areas. Conclusion Minority area should develop the regional econo-my, strengthen the quality of obstetric medical institutions to increase the ability of emergency services for maternal and child health.