秃杉球果形态的变异研究

Variation in Cone Morphology for Taiwania flousiana of Different Provenances

通过在秃杉分布的8个种源区分株采样,对其球果的形态变异及形态性状之间、形态性状与种子质量性状之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,秃杉分布区球果的长度、宽度、长宽比为连续分布的数量性状,其值呈正态分布,它们的平均值分别为15.28±0.09(mm)、6.31±0.03(mm)、2.44±0.01;变异系数(CV%)分别为22.84%、17.90%、19.40%。昌宁、凤庆、临沧、贡山、福贡、龙陵、盈江、梁河等8个种源球果总体变异幅度为果长>长宽比>果宽;种源间、单株间球果形态特征有显著差异(P<0.01)。秃杉种子千粒重、场圃发芽率在单株间存差异,他们的平均值分别为1.265 0±0.096 3(g)、11.25±2.60(%),变异系数(CV%)分别为27.34%、83.0%。秃杉单株果长和果宽间呈极显著正相关关系(R=0.649**),随着果长的增大果宽也随之增大;单株果长与种子千粒重呈显著负相关(R=-0.323*),与种子场圃发芽率相关性不显著;单株果宽与种子千粒重、种子场圃发芽率相关性不显著;单株种子千粒重与种子场圃发芽率呈极显著正相关(R=0.396**)。

Collecting samples from 8 provenances of Taiwaniaflousiana, the variation in cone morphology, varia- tion among different morphological traits, variation between morphological traits and seed quality were analyzed. The results showed that the length of cone, width of cone, ratio of length to width were 15.28 ± 0.09 mm, 6.31 ±0. 03 mm and 2. gg ±0. 01mm respectively, and the variation coefficients were 22. 84 %, 17.90 % and 19.40 % respectively, they all continuously distributed quantitative traits, and the values were normal distribution. The total variation extent of cones from Changning, Fengqing, Lincang, Gongshan, Fugong, Longling, Yingjiang and Li- anghe were cone length 〉 cone length/cone width 〉 cone width. Significant differences （p 〈 0. 01 ） were found on cone morphological characteristics among provenances and among individuals. There are significant differences on 1 000 seed weight and germination percentage among individuals, the average values are 1. 265 0± 0. 096 3 g and 11.25 ± 2. 60 %, and the variation coefficients are 27.34 % and 83.0 % respectively. Considering the individu-al, the cone length and cone width were significantly positively correlated （R = 0. 649 ＊ ＊ cone length and 1 000 seed weight were significantly negatively correlated （R = -0. 323 ＊ ）, there was no significant correlation between cone length and germination percentage. There were no significant correlation between cone width and 1 000 seed weight, germination percentage. There was significant positive correlation between 1 000 seed weight and germina- tion percentage （R = 0. 396＊ ＊ ）.