广西德保县50余年疟疾防控措施及效果

Evaluation on malaria control and anti-malaria measure in Debao county in the past 50 years

目的分析广西壮族自治区德保县50余年疟疾流行过程,评价控制措施和效果,为疟疾后期监测提供科学依据。方法收集德保县1950-2012年疟疾疫情、防控监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果经过50余年的反复防治,德保县疟疾防控取得了非常显著的效果,发病率从1954年的341.57/万降至1996年的0.02/万,2001年经自治区卫生厅组织专家考核,确认达到卫生部颁布的基本消除疟疾标准。2003年起未再检出当地传播疟疾病例。结论以微小按蚊和中华按蚊为复合媒介的疟疾流行区,只要加强领导,采取因时因地制宜措施,就能把疟疾发病控制在很低水平。当前要继续加强流动人口尤其是境外务工回归人员疟疾监测与管理,早期发现、诊断和治疗输入性疟疾,2018年达到消除疟疾的目标是可以实现的。

Objective To analyze the endemic of malaria and evaluate malaria control in Debao county in the past 50 years, so as to provide scientific basis for malaria control at the late-stage of malaria control. Methods The data of malaria reporting and malaria surveillance in various years and various periods since 1950 were collected and analyzed. Results Remarkable changes were achieved in malaria control through repeated control measures taken in Debao county in the past 50 years. Malaria incidence decreased from 341.57/10 000 in 1954 to 0. 02/10 000 in 1996. It was confirmed that malaria was basically eliminated in Debao County,as evaluated by Guangxi Provincial Health Bureau in 2001. Conclusions The goal of malaria elimination in this county, where Anopheles minimus and Anopheles sinensis were the main vectors, could be achieved in 2018,as long as the government and related departments paid enough attention to the control of imported malaria. It is necessary to take blood smears for the returnees from abroad for malaria detection,diagnosis and prompt treatment as early as possible. Monitoring malaria for the floating population from malaria-endemic area should be strengthened as well.