天麻粉改善脂肪乳剂灌胃大鼠肝脏脂肪变性的实验研究

Experimental study of Gastrodia Powder in improving hepatic steatosis in rats intragastrically administered with fat emulsion

目的研究天麻粉对脂肪乳剂灌胃大鼠肝脏脂肪变性的作用。方法采用雄性SD大鼠,以脂肪乳剂灌胃建立高血脂和脂肪肝模型,共28只大鼠随机分为4组,分别为基础饲料对照组、脂肪乳剂灌胃组、脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉250 mg/kg和525 mg/kg组,每组7只,疗程28 d。实验前后测定大鼠体重、血清总胆固醇(CHO)、三酰甘油(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)。实验结束后处死动物,取肝脏称重并计算肝指数。取肝组织固定、切片,H&E染色进行病理学检查观察肝脏脂肪变性程度并照相。另取部分肝组织提取脂肪测定其中CHO和TG含量。结果脂肪乳剂灌胃28 d后大鼠出现显著高脂血症,肝脏重量和肝指数显著增加;与基础饲料对照组比较,脂肪乳剂灌胃组7只大鼠均出现中、重度肝脏脂肪变性,肝脏CHO和TG含量增加以及肝功能损害。脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉525 mg/kg组大鼠血清中CHO、LDL-C和TG水平较脂肪乳剂灌胃组分别降低24.6%、23.2%和30.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉250 mg/kg组大鼠肝脏重量和肝指数较脂肪乳剂灌胃组分别减少约15.4%和14.8%(P<0.05),脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉525 mg/kg组则分别减少25.1%和24.2%(P<0.01)。脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉250 mg/kg组7只大鼠中有3例轻度和4例中度肝脏脂肪变性,较脂肪乳剂灌胃组有改善(P<0.05);脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉525 mg/kg组7只大鼠肝脏脂肪变性均轻度,较脂肪乳剂灌胃组有极显著改善(P<0.01)。与脂肪乳剂灌胃组比较,脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉250 mg/kg组大鼠肝脏TG含量减少约19.0%(P<0.05);脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉525 mg/kg组大鼠肝脏CHO和TG含量分别减少约21.2%(P<0.05)和33.3%(P<0.01)。相应的,天麻粉治疗后大鼠肝功能得到显著改善,脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉250 mg/kg组大鼠血清ALT和AST水平较脂肪乳剂灌胃组分别下降20.1%和19.0%(P<0.05),脂肪乳剂灌胃+天麻粉525 mg/kg组则分别下降33.1%和28.3%(P<0.01)。结论天麻粉在脂肪乳剂灌胃的大鼠中具有显著的降血脂、减少肝脏脂肪蓄积、减轻肝脏脂肪变性以及改善肝功能的作用。

Objective To study the effect of Gastrodia Powder on hepatic steatosis in rats intragastrically administered with fat emulsion. Methods Male SD rats were intragastrically administered with fat emulsion to induce hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis. There were 28 rats included in the experiment, animals were divided into 4 groups, which were the basic forage control group, fat emulsion fed group, fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 250 mg/kg or 525 mg/kg treatment groups, respectively, each group had 7 rats, and the experiment was lasted for 28 days. Before and after the experiment, the following parameters of the animals were determined： body weight, serum total cholesterol （CHO）, triglyceride （TG）, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C） as well as alanine aminotranferease （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） levels. Animals were executed after the experiment; their livers were harvested and weighed, liver indexes were calculated. Some of the liver tissues were fixed and sectioned for H＆E staining and pathological examination of hepatic steatosis and photographed. Other liver tissues were used for extraction of lipids and determination of CHO and TG contents. Results After 28 days of fat emulsion administration, the rots developed obvious hyperlipidemia; liver weight and liver index of the animals increased greatly, too. As compared to the basic forage control group, all of the animals in the fat emulsion fed group （n = 7） developed moderate or severe hepatic steatosis, in company with the increase of hepatic CHO and TG contents and liver function damage. As compared to those of the fat emulsion fed group, serum CHO, LDL-C and TG levels of the fat emulsion ＋Gastrodia Powder 525 mg/kg group of animals lowered by about 24.6%, 23.2% and 30.4%, respectively （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. As compared to those of the fat emulsion fed group, liver weight and liver index of the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 250 mg/kg group of ani-mals lowered by about 15.4% and 14.8% （P 〈 0.05）, and those of the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 525 mg/kg group of ani-mals lowered by about 25.1% and 24.2% （P 〈 0.01）, respectively. Among the 7 rats in the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 250 mg/kg group, there were 3 mild and 4 moderate hepatic steatosis cases, which had improvement as compared to that of the fat emulsion fed group （P 〈 0.05）. And for the 7 rats in the fat emulsion ＋Gastrodia Powder 525 mg/kg group, their hepatic steatosis were all mild, which were greatly improved as compared to that of the fat emulsion fed group （P 〈 0.01）. As com-pared to that of the fat emulsion fed group, hepatic TG of the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 250 mg/kg group of animals low-ered by about 19.0% （P 〈 0.05）; hepatic CHO and TG of the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 525 mg/kg group of animals low-ered by about 21.2% （P 〈 0.05） and 33.3% （P 〈 0.01）, respevtively. Accordingly, the liver function of the rats was improved greatly after gastrodia powder therapy. As compared to those of the fat emulsion fed group, serum ALT and AST levels of the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 250 mg/kg group of animals lowered by about 20.1% and 19.0% （P 〈 0.05）; and those of the fat emulsion＋Gastrodia Powder 525 mg/kg group of animals lowered by about 33.1% and 28.3% （P 〈 0.01）, respectively. Conclusion Gastrodia Powder lowers blood lipids, reduces hepatic fat accumulation, attenuates hepatic steatosis and improves liver function greatly in rats intragastrically administered with fat emulsion.