胎儿先天性神经管畸形的超声诊断及临床价值

Clinical value and ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal malformation of congenital neural tube

目的探讨超声对胎儿先天性神经管畸形的临床诊断价值。方法选择对乐山市市中区妇幼保健院2011年4月～2013年2月进行产前超声检查的20147例产妇的临床资料进行分析。结果通过调查分析，共有35例胎儿先天性神经管畸形，检出率为0．17％。产前超声检查有34例胎儿先天性神经管畸形，符合率为97．1％；1例漏诊，漏诊率为2．9％。胎儿先天性神经管畸形主要表现为无脑儿、脑积水、颅脑畸形和脑脊膜膨出以及脊柱裂，比例分别为38.2％、29．4％、14．8％、8．8％、8．8％。结论超声检查是诊断胎儿先天性神经管畸形的重要方法，能够对胎儿先天性神经管畸形尽早的诊断，降低围生儿死亡和畸形儿的发生，在临床中具有重要的应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of ultrasonic tube malformation of fetus congenital nerve. Methods 20 147 cases of puerperal with prenatal ultrasonography in Leshan Shizhong District Materinity and Child Care Hos-pital from April 2011 to February 2013 were selected, the clinical data were analyzed. Results Through the investigation and analysis, a total of 35 cases of fetal congenital neural tube defects were found, the detection rate was 0.17%. 34 cases of fetal congenital neural tube defects were found through prenatal ultrasonography, the coincidence rate was 97.1%; 1 cases were missed, missed diagnosis rate was 2.9%. Major performance of fetal congenital neural tube defects mainly were anencephalus, hydrocephalus, brain malformation, meningocele and spinal bifida, the proportion were 38.2%, 29.4%, 14.8%, 8.8%, 8.8% respectively. Conclusion Uhrasonography in the diagnosis of fetal congenital neural tube defects is an important method, can give diagnosis of congenital neural tube defects as early as possible, reduce prenatal mortality and the incidence of deformed children, it has important clinical application value.